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Cactus Group Abuses Three Signing Identities to Hide PBot Stealer in VPN Lures

Nine Windows executables circulating across software-distribution channels share a single operational logic: every one of them carries a legitimate code-signing certificate — or a certificate that was legitimate until recently — and every one of them is doing something the signer never intended. Six files exploit expired-but-chain-valid EV and OV certificates from two distinct corporate identities to suppress antivirus detection on trojanized VPN installers.